Point to Point Microwave Link Design

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Fade Mechanisms

Microwave fades fall into the following categories:

  • Multipath fading
  • Obstruction fading
  • Fading due to a specular reflection
  • Ducting and propagation anomalies
  • Rain fading (above ~ 8 GHz)

With the exception of rain fading, microwave fading only depends on the change of the refractive index with height along the path


Availability Seconds Minutes Hours
99% 315360 5256 87.6
99.9% 31536 525 8.76
99.99% 3153 52.5 0.876
99.999% 315 5.3 0.088